Analysis Of My Three Favorite Characters From Chaucer s...

Interesting Characters (An Analysis of my Three Favorite Characters from Chaucer s General Prologue) Chaucer was a writer from the Anglo Saxon Era in which he did many significant things in his short life. He is known to this day as the father of our language as we know it today. He wrote the series of stories called the Canterbury Tales, which consist of many different characters that each tell a story. In these series of stories he is us using the characters to express his mind and feelings towards the church. Chaucer is upset with the church because he knows what they are doing and how corrupt they really are. How the priests are supposed to be poor, but instead they tell the people that come to confess that everything will be alright if they give the priests a certain amount of currency. Also how the priests are not suppose to have intercourse because they are married to the church, but yet they are getting with women. The purpose of the tales is to make a political point on the hypocrisy of the church and the inequality of women to men. Of the twentyfive characters in the Gene ral Prologue there were three that stood out to me the most. The three characters are, The Squire, The Friar, and The Cook. To begin, the Squire from the General Prologue peaked my interest for many reasons. The physical characteristics of the Squire are extraordinary such as his luscious hair with the smooth curls. He is fairly tall, very strong and athletic. This just makes me wonder whatShow MoreRelatedAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 PagesContext: ï‚ · ï‚ · a person s fate is determined by God all people are corrupt and must be saved by Christ Rationalism / Age of Enlightenment period of American Literature - 1750-1800 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · national mission and American character democratic utopia use of reason history is an act of individual and national self-assertion Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · political pamphlets travel writing highly ornate writing style fiction employs generic plots and characters fiction often tells the story

Google Financial Analysis - 4310 Words

| Sumit Das-Assignment 2 | Financial Ratio Analysis-Google Corporation | | Sumit | 3/12/2013 | | Contents Objective of Study 2 Analysis of Auditors Report 2 Common Size Ratio Analysis 3 Analysis of Liquidity Ratios 4 Analysis of Leverage ratios 5 Analysis of Efficiency Ratios 6 Analysis of Profitability Ratios 7 Analysis of Effectiveness/Market Performance Ratios 8 Summary 9 Current Ratio (2011) 9 Average Collection Period 9 Debt Ratio 9 Accounts Payable turnover 10 Gross Profit Margin 10 Return on Assets 10 Recommendations 11 Objective of Study Financial ratio analysis is a very important element of fundamental analysis process. Working through number in a financial statement can†¦show more content†¦From a Managerial perspective the ability of the company to generate revenues is very important. Also from the investors point of view it is very important the company is able to meet running its operations. Firstly looking at the current and quick ratio values for Google Corporation for the year 2011 we can see that both maintained a fair value of 5.92 and 5.7 respectively. The high values of these ratios and very less difference between two values show that the company has been extremely efficient in meeting its operating activities. Also on comparing with the industry average values of 3.53 and 2.82 for the current and quick ratio we can see that Google is much more efficient that other companies in the industry. Another very important measure of the liquidity of the company is the average collection period. For Google Corporation we see that the average collection period has been fairly consistent in the late 50’s (58.93 in 2011). If we compare this value with the industry average of 71.11 we can see that Google has been fairly efficient in collecting cash on credit sales or which go into the account receivables. Another important measure of the liquidity of the company is the percentage of current assets to the total assets. Companies maintaining a high degree of liquidity generally tend to keep this ratio pretty high .For Google Corporation we see that he value of this ratio is as high as 60.41. If we compare this to the same ratio for theShow MoreRelatedFinancial Analysis of Google8430 Words   |  34 PagesGOOGLE Financial Analysis Report Prepared for: Financial Management Class – Florida Institute of Technology February 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 COMPANY INTRODUCTION 4 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 5 Summary Financial Analysis Report 6 WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST OF CAPITAL (WACC) 10 FUTURE CASH FLOWS 12 ANALYSIS OF CASH FLOWS 13 Sensitivity Analysis of Google’s 2011 Future Cash Flow 14 Sensitivity Graph for Google’s 2011 Future Cash Flow 15 Sensitivity Graph forRead MoreEssay on Financial Analysis of Google4521 Words   |  19 PagesFinancial Analysis Report Comprehensive Analysis of Financial Ratios and Share Performance: Google (2010, 2000 words) The scope of this report is to analyse the financial health of Google, the pinnacle search engine in the present times. It proceeds by giving a brief introduction of the company Google Inc then heading onto the detailed assessment of financial ratios for 3 financial years such as Profit Margin, Return to Equity, Return to Assets, P/E Ratio and EPS as well as share performanceRead MoreGoogle and Microsoft: Financial Analysis1160 Words   |  5 PagesDescription of Competitors For this analysis, I am going to choose Google and Microsoft, as these companies compete in three of the same areas online advertising, mobile operating systems and web browsers. Google earns most of its money in online advertising, but maintains leading market share in the other categories as well. Microsoft competes in all three, but it makes most of its money from Windows and Office. Google is a threat to enter the laptop and desktop operating system business as wellRead MoreGoogle Financial Statement Analysis2023 Words   |  9 Pagess Google Financial Statement Analysis Table of Contents Introduction 3 Property and Equipment 4 Intangible Assets 5 Goodwill 6 Depreciation Methods 6 Impairment 7 Current Liabilities 7 Contingent Liabilities 7 Long-term Liabilities 8 Bonds Payable 8 Capital Leases 8 Works Cited 10 Introduction Google Inc. is an American multinational corporation that specializes in Internet-related services and products. It was founded on September 4, 1998 by Larry Page and SergeyRead MoreGoogle : Financial Analysis On The Health Of A Business1723 Words   |  7 PagesGoogle: Financial Analysis Financial statements provide a picture of the health of a business is and how prepared they are to face the challenges ahead. Publically traded companies are required to post financial statements and a detailed 10-K report on the SEC website. This is a tool that creditors, analysts, and investors use in assessing the health and future of a company. This information is also used by management and decision makers to spot potential problems and move in a more positive directionRead MoreFinancial Statement Analysis : Google Inc.1639 Words   |  7 Pages Google Inc. Year 2012 Financial Statement Analysis Name Professor Institution Course Date GOOGLE INC. FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS Introduction Investment has been a key factor in business world. People search for the best performing industries and identify the most profitable company, which they then invest their money. Although one can judge the company’s investment worth through profits, analysis of the entire financial statement is critical for a good decision-making. In the currentRead MoreGoogle vs. Yahoo Financial Analysis Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesGoogle vs. Yahoo Financial Analysis Dee Wassenberg Columbia College FINC 350 Business Finance Instructor: Darryl Sanborn February 11, 2011 Liquidity ratios, like the current ratio, provide information about a firms ability to meet its short time financial obligations. Short-term creditors seek a high current ratio from prospective clients since it reduces their risk. For investors in a company, such as shareholders, a lower ratioRead MoreA Comprehensive Financial Statement Analysis On Google Inc.1844 Words   |  8 Pages A Comprehensive Financial Statement Analysis on Google Inc. Christopher Gouty ACC205: Principles of Accounting I (BAG1527B) Instructor: Brandy Havens August 3, 2015 Introduction The information from Financial statements is used widely by both external and internal users, including investors, creditors, managers, and executives. These users must analyze the information in order to make business decisions and making right decision about the investment opportunities in a company, so understandingRead MoreApple, Rim, Microsoft, Google Financial Analysis4916 Words   |  20 PagesCorporate Governance Analysis Microsoft The CEO: Steven Anthony Ballmer has been the CEO of Microsoft since January 2000. He graduated from Detroit Country Day School, Michigan. He later joined Harvard University, where he studied Math and Economics. During that time, he lived down the hall from Bill Gates, Microsoft’s founder and Chairman of the Board. Ballmer joined Microsoft on June 11, 1980 as the first business manager and the 30th employee. His first salary was $50,000 including 8% ofRead MoreA1 Syllabus FIN 423 SPRING 2015 Financial Analysis And Management Capstone 1 4552 Words   |  19 PagesSyllabus: FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT (FIN 423) Spring 2015 The class meets Mondays and Wednesdays from 2:00pm-3:50pm in P-149. Instructor: Babak Lotfaliei Office: SSE 3304, Tel: 619-594-4790 E-mail: Babak.lotfaliei@sdsu.edu Office Hours: 4:00pm-6:00pm Mondays, (or by appointment) Assigned Examination Date: Monday 11 May, 1:00pm-3:00pm COURSE DESCRIPTION This four-credit course is for students who major in finance. By the end of this course, students will understand the practice of financial management

Union Parishad The Lowest Tier Of The Local Government

Union Parishad (UP) The Union Parishad is the lowest tier of the local government unit. It is the entry level of the people’s political participation. The Union Parishad constituted under the Local Government (Union Parishads) Ordinance, 1983. It should be consisting twelve members, including three women members from reserving seats and on chairman. According to the Local Government Ordinance, 1983- the members and the chairman should be elected through direct election, based on adult franchise (Talukder, 2009). The functions of Union Parishad are categorized into different categories including, civic duties, revenue collection and administrative functions, development functions, judicial functions and transferred the functions (Moin, 2011). Objectives of the Study The objectives of the paper are given below: 1) To present the existing status of women in the lowest tier of the local government in the Union Parishad. 2) To find out the obstacles behind the lower representative status of women in the Union Parishad. 3) To propose actions to raise the participation of women in the Union Parishad of Bangladesh. Methodology This study is ultimately done on the basis of the analyzing the information collected from different secondary sources, i.e. published books, journals, reports, government publications and newspapers. Some information also got from the browsing of the internet. Progression of Local Government in Bangladesh Local Government (LG), the history of this part of the

Analysis Of Annabel s Annabel - 1696 Words

Novel Research Winter, Kathleen. (2010). Annabel. House of Anasi press Review Number 1: D’erasmo, Stacey. (2011). Announcing Her Existence. Retrieved October 24, 2017, from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/09/books/review/DErasmo-t.html Kathleen Winter’s, Annabel, takes place in 1968 in Croydon Harbor, Labrador, Canada. The plot starts off with a baby being born as an intersex and centers around the baby’s identity. It is decided at the baby’s birth that his birth gender will be kept a secret from the child. The child is rendered male by the doctors and undergoes a surgery to correct his intersex gender to male. However, when a health concern arises later during the child’s puberty, the family’s secret is brought to light and their†¦show more content†¦A particular thing she comments on is how when Wayne discovers his intersex gender he doesn’t ask many questions on his family’s choice to decide him as male or female. That instead he ponders more on the meaning of his name as Wayne or as Annabel. Personal Response - Rejection Initially, the aspects of the book that appealed to me the most were that the novel centered around identity and how the aspects of gender significantly portray what our gender says about our life. I was interested in reading up on the portrayal of gender differences, and with an intersex protagonist, I thought it would be very insightful to see how she/him identify with her/his gender. I was also particularly interested in seeing how the overall novel portrayed a sexist view of genders. What didn’t appeal to me about the novel was that it would have some gruesome scenes in the book and I know personally that can be a bit of turn away for me. The overall hidden message of the book seems insightful and would be a great read but I think the book may leave me feeling a little less happy then when I started reading it. I understand the book’s purpose to portray sexism and what it means to be a boy versus what it means to be a girl. I just feel that topic may be something I might find upsetting. Krakauer, Jon.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Poe s Annabel Lee And The Raven 952 Words   |  4 PagesPoe’s philosophy is depicted in â€Å"Annabel Lee† and â€Å"The Raven†; a man of dark and depressing poems who was influenced during his hard, emotional, life to write. His poems describe the mental and emotion devastations a person’s state of mind can reach. Despite his hard life and mysterious death he faced, the speaker can recognize his struggles through his life to become successful with his literary works. Edgar Allan Poe was born January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts. Shortly after, Poe’s motherRead MoreAnalysis Of Annabel Lee s A Kingdom By The Sea1780 Words   |  8 Pagesdemocratic in their views, anti-slavery, some even dipped into the early women s rights movement. The romantics were rebels with a cause, nonconforming individuals that think and stay true to how they see themselves. Along with the lofty language, the authors tended to write their prose they also managed to keep the details of their writings very generic. Such as Edgar Allen Poe, with his location description in Annabel Lee: In a kingdom by the sea.(Poe) The Romantic author also liked being a masterRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allen Poe s Annabel Lee1132 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Allen Poe’ â€Å"Annabel Lee†, jumps immediately into the story of a beautiful maiden that lived in a kingdom near the sea. Poe wastes no time revealing the speaker s infatuation with this elegant woman in the fi rst stanza. Throughout each stanza, a kingdom by the sea, where both Annabel and the speaker had fallen in love is where the storyline takes place. Poe demonstrates his lavish skills by portraying the perfect love life, that was so deep even the angels became envious in stanza three andRead MoreAnalysis Of Edgar Allan Poe s The Raven And Annabel Lee884 Words   |  4 PagesWhen studying Edgar Allan Poe’s The Raven and Annabel Lee, the reader is struck by many similarities and differences. Both focus on the sorrow and loss of losing a loved one. Both deal with the heartache and grief associated with the search for understanding why the loss occurred. Both have an almost gothic, sad, unearthly feel to them. However, while the theme of The Raven and Annabel Lee is very similar, Poe uses a very different tone in the two poems to portray his feelings. The difference inRead MoreLiterary Devices Used By Edgar Allan Poe986 Words   |  4 Pagesdevices in his major 1849 poem Annabel Lee. In his text he incorporates theme with imagery, symbolism, and form. These literary devices help lead the audience to the understanding of the overall meaning of the poem. Edgar Allan Poe s use of symbolism allows for the audience to understand how this gentleman feels about Annabel Lee. In the poem, the author uses symbolism when the narrator states, â€Å"For the moon never beams without bringing me dreams Of the beautiful Annabel Lee; And the stars never riseRead MoreSong Analysis Of Another New World772 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Another New World† Song Analysis Josh Ritter’s â€Å"Another New World† is a somber and haunting song, released in 2010 and under the genres of Alternative and Indie. Its purpose is to describe and entertain, much like a story. The audience stems from this purpose, and includes those who enjoy storytelling, or the alternative type of music. The interpretation of this song is influenced by the subject and voice, and the effect of this piece relies heavily on the use of sibilance and personification.Read MoreDifference Between Poetry And Prose900 Words   |  4 Pagesrhythm before, we want to explore these concepts more specifically and more in depth. As both elements contribute to the overall tone, accessibility, and structure, or lack thereof, of the poem, we feel that everyone would benefit from a more in depth analysis of rhyme and rhythm and how they affect our understanding of a poem. Practicing scanning and interpreting the feet of the poem will be eye-opening for these particular poems, as well as skills that students can transfer to other poems and later classesRead MoreWhy Should We Care?1748 Words   |  7 PagesWhy Should We Care?: Edgar Allan Poe â€Å"Few creatures of the night have captured [reader’s] imagination[s] like [Edgar Allan Poe]† (â€Å"Vampires†). Poe has fascinated the literary world since he first became known for writing in 1829, when he was just twenty years old (Chronology†). While he is widely known for exploring the macabre, his work is controversial because of its psychologically disturbing nature. Edgar Allan Poe is worth examining as an author because his many contributions to the literaryRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe s The Raven2600 Words   |  11 PagesPoetry is said to be one of the world s most difficult forms of art. Many poets live throughout their lives and are never recognized for their achievements in their community. Edgar Allan Poe is one of the world s most renowned poets and wrote mainly in the form of poets and short stories. Some of Poe s most renown poems include The Raven, Annabel Lee. The poem The Raven deals with problems such as insanity and grief and the poem Annabel Lee deals with problems of grief and young love. Edgar AllanRead MoreDeath Is Death And The Idea Of Death1290 Words   |  6 Pageslike â€Å"The Raven† â€Å"Annabel Lee† and â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart† have obvious implications to death. Let us consider â€Å"Annabel Lee†, â€Å"The Raven†, and â€Å"Lenore†. These poems have a similar theme, the death of the much liked female protagonist. In each of these poems, the woman died prematurely. In some of his works the male character has to deal with the loss of the woman and the male figure has to cope with the loss. In the poem â€Å"Annabel Lee†, the narrator sleeps by the graveside (Poe s Poetry suggested question

International Financial market and technology - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the International Financial market and technology. Answer: Methodology: The methodology is a theoretical and systematic analysis of the methods that have been applied for conducting research. Investigation of given topic regarding Australian financial market post global financial crisis (GFC) reform are done by selecting particular theme. In this particular research, information on capital adequacy could not been found, hence researcher has gathered information and data on capital concerning primary and secondary market activity (Afma.com.au 2018). Information has been obtained on turnover of average capital market, equity trading and bonds and hybrid market as well. Data collection process: For the success of any research, collection of data is regarded as elementary tool that are categorized into primary and secondary data. Data whether they are primary or secondary are of utmost importance for conducting any research. Secondary data are gathered from secondary sources such as newspaper article, websites and reports published by financial authority (Ralston and Jenkinson 2014). Types of data that have been gathered here are of capital that are raised from cash, listing of companies on Australian stock exchange in year 2016, equity trading on stock exchange, turnover as a percentage of average capital market and on bonds and hybrid. Data collected are for a period of three years ranging from 2013-2014 to 2015-2016. Hybrid and bonds incorporates data on Australian government bond, corporate bond using fixed rate, corporate bond using floating rate, convertible notes and preference shares (Imf.org 2018). All these data have been gathered after the reforms of GFC. Types of data- In this particular research, data on capital for both primary and secondary market along with hybrid market are collected from secondary sources. Data gathered here are of quantitative thatare used byresearchtogetaccurate result of research. Researcher in this analysis is performingquantitativeanalysisoflargeamount ofdatacollectedfromsecondary source. Suchdatahasassistedresearcher in ascertaining total trades performedinAustralian financial market. Data source- Secondary data have been collected from several sources that indicates that research concerning topic have been already performed and information are presented on authentic websites, journals and news articles. Quantitative data have been gathered from reports published by Australian financial market in year 2016. Data analysis plan- In this particular section of research methodology, analysis of secondary data collected from secondary sources has been performed using some techniques and analytical tools. Any research requires effective implementation oftechniquesforconductinganalysis. Analysis of information and data have been done using Microsoft excel sheet. Data gathered will be analyzed for thepurposeofmakingcomparisonbyidentifyingtrend and making charts and graphs. Themarketcapitalizationoftotal financial sector can be analyzed by forming trends that will facilitate comparison throughout the period of analysis. For the ease of understanding,formationandgraphsis considered suitable. Analysis of data has been done to review the regulatory landscape to avoid unnecessary capital fragmentation. References Afma.com.au. 2018. [online] Available at: https://afma.com.au/data/afmr/2016%20AFMR.pdf [Accessed 10 Jan. 2018].Apec.org.au. 2018. [online] Available at: https://www.apec.org.au/docs/11_con_gfc/regulatory%20reform%20post%20gfc-%20overview%20paper.pdf [Accessed 10 Jan. 2018].Imf.org. 2018. [online] Available at: https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2014/wp1446.pdf [Accessed 10 Jan. 2018]. Ralston, D. and Jenkinson, M., 2014. International linkages: Financial markets and technology.JASSA, (4), p.14.

Corporate Law Australian Securities And Investments

Question: Describe about the Corporate Law for Australian Securities And Investments. Answer: 1. The business being run by Jack, Jill and Max is very successful and also growing with speed. It is essential that they adopt a definite business structure recognized by the Australian law (Australian Securities And Investments Commission, 2016). This would help to clearly define the rights and obligations of each of these individuals in relation to their business. This would help to prevent any disputes between them in future. There are several options available to them and most important business structure they can adopt is to form a partnership firm or register as a company under the Corporation Act. A partnership is an agreement among two or more people to carry out business activities where the partners become liable to pay for all the debts of the firm even out of their personal properties. In other words their liability is unlimited. A company is a separate legal entity which is formed to carry out a business and has its own assets and liabilities. It has an identity separat e from its shareholders. This idea was strengthened by the court decision in cases like Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] AC 22 (Salomon). Also in a case Peate v Federal Commissioner of Taxation (1964) 111 CLR 443 (HC, McTiernan, Kitto, Taylor, Windeyer and Owen JJ. (Law.unimelb.edu.au, 2016) In the case of a company the liability of the shareholders is limited to the amount of their share capital. The shareholders are not personally liable to the creditors of the company as stated by Latham CJ, in legal case The King v Portus; ex parte Federated Clerks Union of Australia (1949) 79 CLR 42. (Law.unimelb.edu.au, 2016). A company is managed by its directors and other employees who are appointed by its shareholders who have a right to vote to manage its affairs by the majority vote. Even minority shareholders who do not have control are provided relief by courts in case of unjustified conduct by majority shareholders and the company might get winded up as becomes clear in two legal cases. Firstly inHillam v Ample Source International(No 2) [2012] FCAFC 73 (Hillam).Secondly, inAmple Source InternationalLtd v Bonython Metals Group PtyLtd; Re Bonython Metals Group PtyLtd (No 6)[2011] FCA 1484 where the minority shareholders were oppressed. (Holdingredlich.com.au, 2016) The business being run by Jack, Jill and Max should take the form of a private company (Companydirectors.com, 2016). These three individuals can become the shareholders and if they want, directors of their company (Companylawclub.co.uk, 2016). But the directors also become liable personally for acts of the company employees in cases of negligence by them in their duties as brought out in case King v Milpurrurru33 in 1996 by judge Beazley J in Federal Court. However directors cannot be held personally responsible for every act as officials of the company as becomes clear in judgement by Lord Haldane in Lennard's Carrying Co Ltd v Asiatic Petroleum Co Ltd [1915] AC 705). (Epublications.bond.edu.au, 2016) The three individuals need not form a public company as this would dilute their control if outsiders are allowed to invest and have voting rights for management. Moreover their business is still not big and they do not need outside funding by issuing equity. They would be entitled to a part of profits in the form of dividends. But although they would own shares of the company they would not become owners of the property of the company. Shareholders are not owners of the companys property was proved in a case KT T Developments Pty Ltd v Tay (Unreported, Parker J, Supreme Court of Western Australia, 23 January 1995). Further, the business carried out by the company is not the private business of the shareholders as held in a case by Lord Sumner in Gas Lighting Improvement Co Ltd v Inland Revenue Commissioners (1923) AC 723 at 740 741 . (Law.unimelb.edu.au, 2016) A company can be winded up at the initiative of its creditors if it has become insolvent, under s 459P (2) with the leave of the court. But in certain cases it is not allowed, Australian Beverage Distributors Pty Ltd v Evans Tate Premium Wines Pty Ltd1. (Allens.com.au, 2016). The advantages of forming a company are many though they come with certain obligations imposed by law. So Jack, Jill and Max should form a private company. 2. As given in the case Child Toys Supreme Pty Ltd is a manufacturer and seller of children toys. A child has got seriously injured after using one of the toys made by the company because the toy contained harmful plastic chemicals. A court case can be filed against Child Toys Limited and the company can be prosecuted under the Australian legal system. The laws that would apply in this case would be Australian Consumer Law, Common Law Of Contract and the common law of negligence. Child Toys Ltd manufactures toys which are used by children. It is assumed that toys meant for playing by children should be safe for the purpose for which they are being used. The company selling the toys should have made sure that the toys manufactured by it had no harmful chemicals or other elements. But the company failed to do so. Thus the firm can be tried in a court of law under the common law of negligence. There can three types of negligence by a manufacturer and seller of a product. These can be negligence relating to design, manufacture and marketing of the product. In the given case Child Toys Ltd is guilty of both negligence in manufacturing and marketing. The toy manufactures by Child Toys Ltd contained harmful chemical which could cause an injury to an individual. The company should not have used such chemical in the production of the toy. A similar situation is found in the case Donoghue V Stevenson [1932]. AC 562. Page 137 (Legal.thomsonreuters.com.au , 2016) In the given case the child injured need not identify the individual employee in Child Toys Ltd due to whose negligence the harmful chemical was included in the manufacturing of the toy. The company as a whole has been negligent and would be held responsible for the negligence by the court. This situation is similar to a great extent to the case Grant V Australian Knitting Mills [1936] AC 85 at 101 (page 142) (Legal.thomsonreuters.com.au , 2016) . In this case Child Toys Ltd cannot escape its liability for negligence on the grounds that no harm has been caused previously to anyone by its toys. There was no warning printed on the toys being sold by Child Toys Ltd that the toys contained harmful chemicals. Further, Betty the sales person also did not convey such information to the retail customers (Malbon, 2013). Thus Child Toys would be held responsible for negligence. Circumstances of such negligence can be found in another legal case Peterson v. Merke Sharpe Dohme (Aust) Pty Ltd. (Faunce, 2010). In the given case the child has suffered injury because of the presence of a harmful chemical in the toy. The injury did not happen because of mishandling of the product (toy) by the child or the retailer. The injured child was playing with the toy as any other child is expected to do. So in this case it is Child Toys Ltd which would be held responsible for negligence and not the child. This becomes clear in two legal cases. Firstly in Fletcher V Toppers Drinks [1981] 2 NSWLR 911. Secondly in Kilgannon V Sharpe Bros (1986) 4 NSW LR 600 (Legal.thomsonreuters.com.au , 2016). Child Toys Ltd can also be held liable for breach of contractual warranty. The company by manufacturing and selling toys was promising in a way that the toys were fit for consumption by people. The company had broken this promise by selling toys which contained harmful chemicals. The court would make the company pay damages for breaking this contract. There have been certain cases where the directors of companies have been held personally responsible for negligence. Marty the director of Child Toys Pty Ltd can be held personally responsible if the individual is found by the Australian court of law to have been personally involved in the inclusion of harmful chemicals in the toys manufactured by the company. The court would see if Marty personally took decisions and directed using harmful chemicals made in the production of toys. In a legal case in English court Williams V Natural Life Health Food Ltd 1997 1 BCLC 131 Page 111 the director was personally held liable. While in another case Trevor Ivory Ltd V Anderson [1992] 2 NZLR 517 (page 109) the director was not held personally liable for the negligence of the company (Epublications.bond.edu.au, 2016). Child Toys Pty Ltd can apply in the Australian courts to procure an injunction restraining Charles from competing against the company. There exists an employment contract between Charles and Child Toys Pty Ltd according to which former cannot do a business competing against the latter before the end of a period of two years after leaving the company. But Charles has broken this contract. The Australian law provides that an ex employee of a company can be restrained from competing against the company the person has left if certain conditions are met. The example of the existence of a non competition clause can be found in the legal case Write V Gasweld (1991) 22 NSWLR 317 (Foulsham And Gedders , 2016). If there exists a term in the employment contract between the company and the employee that there is a restriction on the ex employee competing against the company and that restriction is for the purpose of safeguarding a critical interest of the company like preserving some confidentia l information or goodwill of the company, then the court would restrain the employee. Further the restriction imposed on the employee in the employment contract should be for a reasonable period needed for the protection of companys interest. Moreover the restriction should apply to only a specific limited geographical area. An injunction to restrain an ex employee of a company was granted in following two legal cases. Firstly in Lumley V Wagner case in England (1852) 1 De GM G 604, 42 ER 687 (Lumley). Secondly in case Curro V Beyond Productions Pty Ltd (1993) 30 NSWLR 337, 346- (Curro) which followed the Lumley case. The Lumley case has become a source of guidance for judgements in many legal cases in Australia (Riley, 2012). References Allens.com.au (2016) A Long And Winding Road: Putting Companies Into Liquidation. Available at: https://www.allens.com.au/pubs/pdf/insol/pap1aug07.pdf Australian Securities And Investments Commission (2016) Your Business Structure. Available at: https://asic.gov.au/for-business/your-business/your-business-structure/ (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Claytonutz.com (2016) Product Liability. Available at: https://www.claytonutz.com/ArticleDocuments/501/16_ProductLiability.pdf.aspx?Embed=Y (Accessed: 10 September 2016). Companydirectors.com (2016) Private Companies. Available at: https://www.companydirectors.com.au/director-resource-centre/organisation-type/organisation-definitions (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Companylawclub.co.uk (2016) What Is The Difference Between Shareholders And Directors? Available at : https://www.companylawclub.co.uk/what-is-the-difference-between-shareholders-and-directors (Accessed: 9 September 2016). Epublications.bond.edu.au (2016) Personal Liability Of Directors For Corporate Torts. Available at: https://epublications.bond.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1125context=blr Faunce, T. (2010) The Vioxx Pharmaceutical Scandal: Peterson v. Merke Sharpe Dohme (Aust) Pty Ltd , Journal of Law and Medicine, (18), pp. 38-49, Available at : https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1680120 (Accessed: 10 September 2016). Foulsham And Gedders (2016) Non Compete And Restraint Of Trade Clauses In Employment Contracts. Available at: https://www.fglaw.com.au/non-compete-employment/ (Accessed: 10 September 2016). Holdingredlich.com.au (2016) Oppressed Minority Shareholders And Appropriate Relief-Is Winding Up A Solvent Company An Extreme Step? Available at: https://www.holdingredlich.com.au/dispute-resolution-litigation/oppressed-minority-shareholders-and-appropriate-relief-is-winding-up-a-solvent-company-an-extreme-step Law.unimelb.edu.au (2016) Piercing The Corporate Veil In Australia. Available at: https://law.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/1710089/122-Piercing_the_Corporate_Veil1.pdf Legal.thomsonreuters.com.au (2016) Product Liability. Available at :https://legal.thomsonreuters.com.au/product/AU/files/720502336/chapter_23.pdf (pages 137, 142,143) (Accessed: 10 September 2016). Malbon, J. (2013) Taking Fake Online Consumer Reviews Seriously, Journal of Consumer Policy, 36(2), pp. 139-157, Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10603-012-9216-7 (Accessed: 10 September 2016). Riley, J. (2012) Sterlising Talent : A Critical Assessment of Injuctions Enforcing Negative Covenants, Henonline Sydney L. 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